Essay on Fighting for Equality and Freedom - 1229 Words

America is a nation built on the beliefs and ideals that man is free. In WWII, challenges arose in America’s freedom. The Declaration of Independence stated that â€Å"†¦all men are created equal.† However, the rights for the ‘White Man’ were significantly above all others, and because of this, women and black men lacked the same equality as the ‘White Man’. In WWII, women took up jobs previously held by men, while the African Americans attempted to join the military. They wanted to assist in the war effort and help defend America to gain their freedom. This freedom for America meant to protect home soil from foreign threats. Through equality and freedom, America can become what the founding fathers sought it out to be, a land free of†¦show more content†¦Seen in a letter written by Major Louise R. Camden in 1944 talking about the captain of the ship was the quote â€Å"he was rather concerned about it†. This quote is commenting on how worried the captain was about carrying women aboard his ship. Carrying women aboard a ship was not a normal occurrence therefore it created havoc and caused quite a stir. Not only was there commotion about women on board but this shows that a great deal of prejudice was now on the field of gender inequality. The gender and race discrimination was on not only the foreign front but also the same wars existed at home. As Henry Wallace said in his speech The Century of a Common Man, there was a fight between a slave world and a free world. In this address, Wallace called for a creation of a permanent Nation. There was a want to rendezvous with destiny. Wallace believed that there was an obligation to contribute to the settlement and create civil rights as we fought for freedom. Wallace was speaking for the majority of Americans by pursuing freedom and for equality. Fighting for freedom, Wallace was not alone. In a letter to his son, First Lieutenant Wal lace Zosel said, â€Å"Millions of us are over here are working, and fighting, and dying because we want America to be a nation of hope for mankind†. This shows that along with Wallace, many other Americans think the same way and want the same thing. This same thing being equality and a freeShow MoreRelated Fighting for Equality and Freedom Essays910 Words   |  4 PagesAcross all nations and cultures, the enduring pursuit of equality in life seems global and timeless. Some would believe that their own country has achieved a true democracy with no residual inequalities of which to speak, while others know they are at the other end of the spectrum, enduring unjust laws that should not be bestowed on any human. Through the course of history many countries have fought for that democracy and all the equality that it implies. While some believe they have reached thatRead MoreAmerica: Racist Tyrant Essay976 Words   |  4 PagesJean-Jacques Rousseau concludes that the soci al contract benefits those who are not strong to receive equality in law and civil rights. Jefferson fought for freedom and right for America. King also fought for better civil rights for his black people. They both fought for their people, King however fought peacefully with white people, who in return were cruel. This comparing Jeffersons and Kings fought for freedom, different skin color demonstrates racism causing unfairness to this day still exists becauseRead More America the Racist Tyrant1015 Words   |  5 Pageswrites to a clergyman logically analyzing criticisms while communicating to the public his arguments. Jefferson fought for freedom and right for America. King also fought for better civil rights for his black people. They both fought for their people, King however fought peacefully with white people, who in return were cruel. This comparing Jeffersons and Kings fought for freedom, different skin color demonstrates racism causing unfairness to this day still exists because the fight for justice andRead MoreAmerican Identity1566 Words   |  7 PagesThe five key values that were studied and learned about in class were civic engagement, freedom, equality, patriotism and democracy. I do not believe that one of these values is more American than the other though three of these mean more to me personally than others. Patriotism, freedom, and equality. Together they make the United States of America unique from any other country. Yes, some countries have freedom, but no other country in the world is like ours because we hold these values nearest andRead MoreAmerican Beliefs and Values719 Words   |  3 Pagesincluded the famous Revolutionary war where the British colonies broke away from England and became independent and free. The American’s beliefs and values developed during this time and became important to why they were fighting for their freedom. Religion, freedom and liberty, and equality was only three of the many values the Americ ans had. Religion was important to the Americans during the Revolutionary period. George Washington states in his Rules of Civility, â€Å"When you speak of God or his attributesRead MoreNegritude Positive?1108 Words   |  5 Pagessearching for racial identity, when we could use that time to fight for equality between the races? You tell us, when we find our racial identity what then must we do with it? Continue to be restricted from doing certain things and going certain places because of our racial line? I agree with Du Bois’s argument, that racial identification is a hindrance and that it distracts us from the more important goal of fighting for equality between the races. It limits us from many things such as; education andRead MoreBattle Royal1553 Words   |  7 PagesA Battle Royal for Equality: An Analysis of Ralph Ellison’s â€Å"Battle Royal† â€Å"Battle Royal† provides a realistic portrait of the difficulty of being a black person in a Country dominated by white men. Ellison uses several symbols in â€Å"Battle Royal† to illustrate the black struggle for equality. These symbols include the stripper, the flag tattoo on the stripper’s stomach, the blindfold, and the battle itself. The stripper is symbolic of the connection between women and black people in the eyesRead Moreâ€Å"I Am Happy To Join With You Today In What Will Go Down1420 Words   |  6 Pagesdemonstration for freedom in the history of our nation.† (Lerone Bennett Jr. pg.125) Being a hero means to be a leader. To be a leader you have to have strength, courage, and commitment. In the 1960s, there were many leaders fighting for what they believe is the right of freedom and equality of all people. A major leader, Martin Luther King Jr. was involved in the Civil Rights Movement during the 60s. King was influenced by advocates of nonviolence such as Mahatma Gandhi. He wanted to seek equality for AfricanRead MoreWhy The Colonists Bec ome American After The Revolution?1348 Words   |  6 Pagesthat makes up an American was established i.e. freedom, equality, opportunity and such. In order to better understand this we must look at exactly what an American is. So exactly what makes someone an American? When it comes to being American I think there are three main essential characteristics. The first I would say is freedom. To be an American you have to want to be free and believe in freedom. The second would have to be believing in equality for all. Lastly would be living in the United StatesRead MoreAnalysis Of Langston Hughes s Poem, I, Too1193 Words   |  5 Pagespeople ponder about America, they associate it with a place where citizens have tons of freedom and equality. But sometimes, Americans do not get these freedoms and equality right off the bat as other people in other countries expect. Being an American can come with a lot of perks, such as the freedom to speak your thoughts, freedom to express yourself and several more; However, to obtain these perks, freedoms, and rights, the people must be able to fight and defend their rights. Therefore, along

The Basic Three Functions Of Communication - 1566 Words

OB Final Exam 1. Communications fulfils three main functions within an organization, name them and explain their impact from an effective and ineffective perspective. The basic three functions of communication in organization are to inform, persuade, and motivate. Inform The idea of informing within an organization is to provide data and information so that employees can effectively complete their job. There are three ways through which information can travel: Downward moving information: In this type, information moves from superiors to subordinates and usually consists of directives or updates. For example, Executives of a company introduce a new code of conduct to its managers and employees. Upward moving information: Information†¦show more content†¦It also eliminates job uncertainty among workers when they are fully informed. Ineffective: It creates gap between different process and departments in organization, decreases efficiency of employees and increase redundancy since there is no proper understanding of role and responsibilities. It also increases job uncertainty among workers when they are not informed about the future and vision of the company. Persuasion Another essential function of communication would be the element of persuasion. It is the ability to change the attitude or behaviour of employees, vendors, clients, etc. In general, persuasion is used in an organizational environment effectively when the source of the information is trustworthy. Effective: Effective communication leads to Effective persuasion in an organization. It creates anenvironment where employees trust upper-level executives’ decisions. For example, if a company decides to merge with another company, employees will have confidence that merger will not affect them negatively. Confidence on thetop management creates loyal employees, who work more effectively towards achieving company’s goals Ineffective: Past experience of ineffective communication leads to lack of trust. For example, supposedly theemployees had a past experience of company hiding its bad financial condition leading to layoffs Employees will now be more insecure of their jobs leading to

Religious attacks Essay Example For Students

Religious attacks Essay The Religious Attacks Made By TartuffeMoliere (whose real name was Jean-Baptiste Poquelin) rocked the 17th century French world withhis comedy Tartuffe in 1664. Although, religious factions kept the play banned from theatres from1664-1669, Tartuffe emerged from the controversy as one of the all-time great comedies. Tartuffe is a convincing religious hypocrite. He is a parasite who is sucking Orgon, the richtrusting father, for all he is worth. Orgon does not realize that Tartuffe is a phony, and caters to hisevery whim. For instance, he reneges on his promise to let his daughter Mariane, marry Valere. Insteadhe demands that she wed Tartuffe, whom she despises. He also banishes his own son, Damis, from hishouse for speaking out against Tartuffe and all of his sons inheritance is promised to Tartuffe. Tartuffe is nothing more than a traveling confidence man who veils his true wickedness with amask of piety. Orgon and his mother Madame Pernelle are completely taken in by this charade. O n theother hand, Cleante, Elmire, and Dorine see Tartuffe for the fake that he really is. Cleante is Orgonselegantly about Tartuffes hypocrisy. Through Cleante, Moliere most plainly reveals his theme. Spare me your warnings, Brother; I have no fearOf speaking out, for you and Heaven to hear,Against affected zeal and pious knavery. Theres true and false in piety, as in bravery,And just as those whose courage shines the mostIn battle, are least inclined to boast,So those whose hearts are truly pure and lowlyDont make a flashy show of being holy (Meyer 1466). In speeches such as these, Moliere wanted to get across the fact that it was false piety he wascondemning and not religion in general. In the preface to the play, which Moliere himself wrote, hebluntly states this. If one takes the trouble to examine my comedy in good faith, he will surely seethat my intentions are innocent throughout, and tend in no way to make fun of what men revere; that Ihave presented the subject with all the precautions that its delicacy imposes; and that I have used allthe art and skill that I could to distinguish clearly the character of the hypocrite from that of theThe play successfully conveys this message because Tartuffe is a first-class villain. He is asmanipulative as Lady Macbeth, as greedy as Prince John, as underhanded as Modred, and as clever as DarthVader. Through his every word and deed it becomes more apparent that he is thoroughly bad. Morespecifically, he not only wants to marry Orgons daughter, but wants to defile his wife as well. He isnot satisfied with living off of Orgons wealth but wants to possess it. At no time in the play doesTartuffe resemble a truly pious man. The play never mocks God, but only those who use his name to preyThe part of the fool is played to the hilt by Orgon. Throughout the first three acts he is sucha domineering idiot that he is not even worth pitying. He, along with his mother, play the part of theblind zealot. What he chooses to call Christian love leads him to punish his family and himself becausehe takes away their freedom of choice and integrity and his own property. But, Orgon is not content tofollow Tartuffe alone. He demands that his family also follow. He becomes a threat to their happinesswhen the comedic scheming by the family begins. Dorine, Marianes maid, uses her earthy wit to convince Mariane and Valere not to docilelyaccept Orgons judgement. Damis, Orgons son, testifies against Tartuffes scandalous behavior withElmire. Cleante continues to offer Orgon sage advice and Elmire conspires to set a trap for Tartuffewhere Orgon can witness firsthand the ungrateful hypocrites actions. Dorine and Orgon almost come to blows, Damis is banished, and Cleante is ignored. Only Elmiresucceeds. She hides Orgon under a table while pretending to play along with Tartuffes advances. Evenwhen Orgon witnesses Tartuffes treachery firsthand it takes him a while to accept it. Elmire, by thistime, has so little faith in her husband that she begins to think he is going to stay under the table andlet Tartuffe ravish her. The turning point in the play is when Orgon comes out and confronts Tartuffe. The Metamorphosis: Gregor Was An Unselfish Person EssayIt is obvious that the play Tartuffe contains a meaning much deeper than an amusing littleanecdote. Trying to decide which of these methods is more effective is possible only by using thefollowing basic criteria. Which viewpoint captures the essence of the religious theme Moliere was tryingWhen reading the casual reader will see that Moliere is attacking religious hypocrites. Whilethe play will be amusing, and possibly will convey its point, the reader cannot possibly understand thefull weight the play carries without knowing the historical background behind it. For instance whenCleante declares, So there is nothing that I find more base, Than specious pietys dishonest face,Than these bold mountebanks, these histories, Whose impious mummeries and hollow shows (Meyer 1467). Throughout the play, one will observe the parallels between the villain, Tartuffe, and religious leadersof Molieres day, specifically Cardinal Richelieu. It is obvious that Moliere detested the way that menlike this rose to power. Cleante speaks out, saying, (these men) exploit our love of Heaven, and make ajest, Of all that men think holiest and best; These calculating souls who offer prayers, Not to theirMaker, but as public wares (Meyer 1467). He is condemning false religion, religion which is used onlyto gain political power. During Molieres lifetime he had seen Richelieu rise through the politicalranks, using religion as a springboard, until he was the kings chief minister. This is the falsepiety Cleante condemns in the play. By looking at Tartuffe historically it becomes clear the courage it took for Moliere toperform this play, knowing that he would be ostracized by the church for the rest of his life. AtMolieres death, Bishop Bossuet said, God is showing his anger against Moliere (Bishop X). However,by using the historical viewpoint, we can see that Moliere actually died a hero, knowing that he hadBibliography:Works CitedBishop, Morris. Eight Plays By Moliere. New York:The Modern Library, 1957. Fernandez, Ramon. Moliere: The Man Seen Through the Plays. New York:Hill and Wang, 1958. Gassner, John. Comedies of Moliere. New York:The Book League of America, 1946. Meyer, Michael. The Bedford Introduction to Literature. Boston: Bedford Books of St. Martins Press, 1989. Walker, Hallam. Moliere. Boston:Twayne Publishers, 1990.

The Madness Of Prince Hamlet Essays - Characters In Hamlet

The madness of prince Hamlet In Hamlet, Prince of Denmark the protagonist exhibits a puzzling duplicitous nature. Hamlet contradicts himself throughout out the play. He endorses both of the virtues of acting a role and being true to oneis self. He further supports both of these conflicting endorsements with his actions. This ambiguity is demonstrated by his alleged madness, for he does behave madly, only to become perfectly calm and rational an instant later. These inconsistencies are related with the internal dilemmas he faces. He struggles with the issue of revenging his fatheris death, vowing to kill Claudius and then backing out, several times. Upon this point Hamlet teeters through the play. The reason for this teetering is directly related to his inability to form a solid opinion about role playing. This difficulty is not present, however, at the start of the play. In the first act Hamlet appears to be very straightforward in his actions and inner state. When questioned by Gertrude about his melancholy appearance Hamlet says, Seems, madam? Nay it is. I know not seemsi (1.2.76). This is to say I am what I appear to be. Later he makes a clear statement about his state when he commits himself to revenge. In this statement the play makes an easy to follow shift. This shift consists of Hamlet giving up the role of a student and mourning son. Hamlet says, Iill wipe away all trivial fond records, All saws of books, all forms, all pressures past, That youth and observation copied there, And thy commandment all alone shall live Within the book and volume of my brain (1.5.99-103) Hamlet is declaring that he will be committed to nothing else but the revenge of his fathers death. There is no confusion about Hamletis character. He has said earlier that he is what he appears to be, and there is no reason to doubt it. In the next act, however, Hamletis status and intentions suddenly and with out demonstrated reason becomes mired in confusion. When Hamlet appears again in act two, it seems that he has lost the conviction that was present earlier. He has yet to take up the part assigned to him by the ghost. He spends the act walking around, reading, talking with Polonius, Rosencrantz, Guildenstern, and the players. It is not until the very end of the act that he even mentions vengeance. If he had any of the conviction shown earlier he would be presently working on his vengeance. So instead of playing the part of vengeful son, or dropping the issue entirely, he hangs out in the middle, pretending to be mad. This is shown when he says to Rosencrantz and Guildenstern I know not-lost all my mirth, forgone all custom of exercise (2.2.298-299). Later he tells them that he is just feigning madness when he says, I am but mad north-north-west, when the wind is southerly, I know a hawk from a handsaw (2.2.380-381). Admitting so blatantly that he is only feigning madness would imply that he is comfortable with it. He also seems to be generally comfortable with acting This is evidenced when he says, there is nothing either good or bad but thinking makes it so (2.2.251-252). Hamlet is saying that behavior shapes reality. It is puzzling that Hamlet is comfortable with playing at this point but not with the role that he said he would play earlier. If he is to play a role why not the one that his father gave him? When the players come in a short wile later his attitude changes. Hamlet is prompted to vengeance, again, by the moving speech that is given by one of the players. About this speech he says, Whatis Hecuba to him, or he to Hecuba, That he should weep for her? What would he do Had he motive and cue for passion That I have? (2.2.561-564) In this praise of this players ability to act, Hamlet is saying that if he were such an actor he would have killed Claudius by now. This link between vengeance and acting that is present here is what Hamlet struggles with until very near the end. He is then moved to swear that he should kill Claudius when

Why Fossilized Shark Teeth Are Black

Why Fossilized Shark Teeth Are Black Shark teeth are made up of calcium phosphate, which is the mineral apatite. Although shark teeth are sturdier than the cartilage that makes up their skeleton, the teeth still disintegrate over time unless they are fossilized. This is why you rarely find white shark teeth on a beach. Shark teeth are preserved if the tooth is buried, which prevents decomposition by oxygen and bacteria. Shark teeth buried in sediments absorb surrounding minerals, turning them from a normal whitish tooth color to a deeper color, usually black, gray, or tan. The fossilization process takes at least 10,000 years, although some fossil sharks teeth are millions of years old! Fossils are old, but you cant tell the approximate age of a shark tooth simply by its color because the color (black, gray, brown) depends completely on the chemical composition of the sediment that replaced the calcium during the fossilization process. How to  Find Shark Teeth Why would you want to find shark teeth? Some of them are valuable, plus they can be used to make interesting jewelry or to start a collection. Plus, theres a chance youll find a tooth from a predator that lived 10 to 50 million years ago! While its possible to find teeth just about anywhere, your best bet is to search at a beach. I live in Myrtle Beach, so every time I go to the shore I look for teeth. At this beach, most of the teeth are black because of the chemical composition of the sediment offshore. At other beaches, fossilized teeth may be gray or brown or slightly green. Once you find the first tooth, youll know what color to seek. Of course, theres always a chance youll find a white shark tooth, but these are much harder to see against shells and sand. If youve never looked for shark teeth before, start out looking for black pointy objects. If the teeth are black, there will also be some black shell fragments that resemble shark teeth.  How do you know if its a shell or a tooth? Dry off your find and hold it up to the light. Even though a tooth could be millions of years old, it will still look glossy in the light. A shell, on the other hand, will show ripples from its growth and maybe some iridescence. Most shark teeth also maintain some of their structure. Look for a cutting edge along the edge of the blade (flat part) of the tooth, which may still have ridges. Thats a dead giveaway youve scored a shark tooth. A tooth may also have an intact root, which tends to be less shiny than the blade. Teeth come in a variety of shapes. Some are triangular, but others are needle-like. Good places to start are at the waterline, where the waves can help reveal the teeth, or by inspecting or sifting through a pile of shells. Keep in mind, the size of the teeth you can find is usually similar to the size of surrounding debris. While its possible to find a giant Megalodon tooth in the sand, large teeth like this are most often found near similar-sized rocks or shells.

Steric Number Definition in Chemistry

Steric Number Definition in Chemistry Steric number is the number of atoms bonded to a central atom of a molecule plus the number of lone pairs attached to the central atom. The steric number of a molecule is used in VSEPRÂ  (valence shell electron pair repulsion) theory to determine the molecular geometry of a molecule. How to Find the Steric Number Use the Lewis structure to determine the steric number. The steric number gives the electron-pair arrangement for the geometry that maximizes distance between valence electron pairs. When the distance between valence electrons is maximized, the energy of the molecule is at its lowest state and the molecule is in its most stable configuration. The steric number is calculated using the following formula: Steric Number (number of lone electron pairs on the central atom) (number of atoms bonded to the central atom) Heres a handy table that gives the bond angle that maximizes separation between electrons and gives the associated hybrid orbital. Its a good idea to learn the bond angle and orbitals, since these appear on many standardized exams. S# bond angle hybrid orbital 4 109.5 sp3 hybrid orbital (4 total orbitals) 3 120 sp2 hybrid orbitals (3 total orbitals) 2 180 sp hybrid orbitals (2 total orbitals) 1 no angle s orbital (hydrogen has an S# of 1) Steric Number and Hybrid Orbital Steric Number Calculation Examples Methane (CH4) - Methane consists of carbon bonded to 4 hydrogen atoms and 0 lone pairs. Steric numer is 4.Water (H2O) - Water has two hydrogen atoms bonded to oxygen and also 2 lone pairs, so its steric number is 4.Ammonia (NH3) - Ammonia also has a steric number of 4 because it has 3 hydrogen atoms bonded to nitrogen and 1 lone electron pair.Ethylene (C2H4) - Ethylene has 3 bonded atoms and no lone pairs. Note the carbon double bond. Steric number 3.Acetylene (C2H2) - The carbons are bonded by a triple bond. There are 2 bonded atoms and no lone pairs. Steric number 2.Carbon Dioxide (CO2) - Carbon dioxide is an example of a compound that contains 2 sets of double bonds. There are 2 oxygen atoms bonded to carbon, with no lone pairs, so the steric number is 2. Shape Versus Steric Number Another way to look at molecular geometry is to assign the shape of the molecule according to steric number: SN 2 is linear SN 3 is trigonal planar SN 4 is tetrahedral SN 5 is trigonal bipyramidal SN 6 is octahedral Steric Number Key Takeaways In chemistry, a molecules steric number is the number of atoms bonded to the central atom plus the number of lone electron pairs surrounding the central atom.The steric number is used in VSEPR theory to predict molecular geometry.

Evaluation and Opinion on Oligopoly Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Evaluation and Opinion on Oligopoly - Essay Example The new oligopoly is made up of multinational corporations that have chosen specific product or service categories to dominate. In each category, over time, only two to four major players prosper. Starting a new company in thatmarket segmentis difficult, and the few that do succeed are often gobbled up or run out of business by the oligopolies. (Oligopoly, 2006a) Strategic Interaction: when only a few firms operate in a market, they will soon recognize their interdependence. Strategic Interaction, which is genuinely a new feature of oligopoly, occurs when each firm's business plans depend upon the behavior of its rivals. Analyzation reveals that economists are particularly concerned about industries characterized by imperfect competition. One reason is that such industries behave in certain ways that are unfavorable to the public interest. For example imperfect competition generally leads to prices that are above marginal costs; this results in an inefficient allocation of resources. The result of such high prices leads oligopolistic industries towards supernormal profits. However in depth studies shows concentrated industries having only slight higher rates of profit than unconcentrated ones. (Nordhaus, 1998, p. 171) The distinguishing characteristic of oligopoly is the interdependence among firms in the industry. Since an oligopolist knows that its own actions will have a significant impact on the other oligopolists in the industry, each oligopolist must consider the possible reaction of competitors in deciding its pricing policies, the degree of product differentiation to introduce, the level of advertising to undertake, the amount of service to provide etc. Since competitors can react in many ways, therefore we possess several oligopoly models based on the particular behavioral response of competitors to the actions of the first. Because of this interdependence, managerial decision-making is much more complex under oligopoly than under other forms of market structure. (Salvatore, 2001, p. 427) The following are the sources of oligopoly, which represent the barriers to other firms entering in the market in the long run: Economies of scale may operate over a sufficiently large range of outputs as to leave only a few firms supplying the entire market. Huge capital investments and supplying inputs are usually required to enter an oligopolistic industry and this acts as an important natural barrier to entry. A few firms may own a patent for the exclusive right to produce a commodity or to use a particular production process. Established firms may have a loyal following of customers based on product quality and service that new firms would find very difficult to match. A few firms may own or control the entire supply of a raw material required in the production of a product. A

Technology Management Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Technology Management - Research Paper Example This research will try to show that the technological changes in modern era cannot always help the corporation to increase the business productivity. Technological Changes Cannot Always Help It is true that the productivity in several non-white collar jobs has significantly increased due to the implementation of advanced technology. On the other hand, productivity in several white collar jobs has not grown at the same rate. It can be stated that implementation of advanced technology does not have that as much positive impact on manufacturing as it is identified in office jobs. It is quite difficult to measure productivity in white collar jobs. Poor quality and inadequate measurement process and implementation of high automation can affect the productivity of an organisation. This part of the research will investigate all the aspects through the implementation of appropriate theories and approaches. Lack of Integration and Knowledge Organisations generally implement a computerised acc ounting system within the organisation in order to reduce and control the operational time and cost. It is not true that all the time this automation process can reduce time and cost. Lack of knowledge about advanced technology and functions can take more operating time. ... There are several people outside of the branches or the departments who cannot avail this facility. However, it is important to integrate all the branches and departments all together before implementing the advanced technology in business process. Otherwise, it can reduce the productivity of the organisation. Unmeasured Productivity and Unnoticed Problems It is true that some organisations implement advanced technology and automation process in business practices without thinking about the future consequences. It is very much difficult to measure productivity after the implementation of advanced technology. Inadequate review of technological tools can affect the productivity of the organisation. Inadequate Initial Decision Making Process In certain governmental firms, the purchase of software and equipment is not undertaken with supreme diligence. It is true that several officials do not know how to increase the productivity and efficiency of business process through the implementat ion of advanced technology. It is very much critical to make a decision about the implementation of advanced technology (Grembergen, 2001). Application of advanced technology automation in business process may not increase the productivity of a firm. First of all, it is important for the management of the organisation to conduct comprehensive and real analysis to make effective decisions. It will be very much difficult for the organisation if they implement process of justifying and deciding the wrong way round. The organisation needs to improve the decision making process based on the notion. It can provide effective solution to the problems. Implementation of Technology without effective

Women and Anime Essay Example for Free

Women and Anime Essay Meanwhile, ever since the huge international box office success of Star Wars (released, coincidentally, in 1977, the same year as Space Cruiser Yamato), a growing number of Hollywood blockbusters might best be described as live-action anime. Kathleen Kennedy, executive producer of Steven Spielbergs The Lost World, has acknowledged that Spielbergs method of conceiving a movie closely resembles the composition of an animated film in the sense that the visual ideas precede the story. The computer-generated images used so lavishly in The Lost World, and in other recent Hollywood films, are in essence animation drawn by computers. From this it might be deduced that the gap between physical reality and peoples image of it is widening in other countries as well. That said, there is an undeniable difference between animation-like live-action and live-action-like animation. At the heart of this difference lies the Japanese peoples deeply entrenched sense of self-loathing, extending even to their own ethnic traits. The famous British science fiction writer Arthur C. Clarke once published a short story in which aliens, visiting earth after the human race is destroyed by nuclear war, use Disney movies to study the extinct human species, never realizing that the films do not represent real life. Needless to say, Clarke wrote the story as a joke. But his joke is uncannily close to the actual situation in Japan today. And the concern that situation ultimately raises is that the Japanese people, like the human race in Clarkes short story, have engineered their own extinction. There is the story told by Ide Toshiro, who co-wrote the script for the movie Aoi sanmyaku (The Green Hills of Youth, directed by Imai Tadashi), an enormous hit in 1949, during the Allied Occupation. Speaking of the movies last scene, where the high school hero Rokosuke walks along the shore with his girlfriend Terasawa Shinko shouting, I love Terasawa Shinko! I love her, I do! Ide reveals the script originally had him yelling, I hate Terasawa Shinko! I hate her, I do! Of course, this is simply an example of reverse psychology at work. Everyone knows Rokusuke is in love with Shinko. However, such rewrite kills the nuance conveyed by the original line, namely that Rokusuke is trying (rather transparently) to conceal his emotional vulnerability. How, then, did I hate you become I love you? The problem is that these days it would seem just as false to say I hate you in such a scene. How, then, is an actor to perform? This is precisely the problem Aoi Yoji confronts when he criticizes Japanese dramatists for reeling off line after self-satisfied line that actors are viscerally unable to make their own, justifying it by saying thats my style. Aoi complains with good reason that actors are forever struggling with dialogue that has little style and even less substance, and since they have to render the material in some way, they have no choice but to resort to cheap theatrics. These idea discussed in the foregoing essay appears in unusually explicit form inn the 1998 live-action sci-fi movie Andoromedia (Andromedia). This is the story of a brilliant computer scientist who loses his only daughter Mai in a traffic accident but then resurrects her in cyberspace as an artificial life form named AI — pronounced like ai, the Japanese word for love, but being also the acronym for artificial intelligence. However, whereas Mai (played by Shimabukuro Hiroko, member of the teen pop group Speed) has black hair and eyes, AIs hair and eyes are both bluish, and her skin is lighter as well. In other words, Mai has undergone a drastic ethnic bleaching upon her digital resurrection. Andromeda would have us believe that instead of going to heaven when they die, the Japanese go to virtual heaven and become Caucasians. In 1999, George Lucas, the creator of Star Wars, released the fourth movie of the series, Star Wars Episode 1: The Phantom Menace. The film uses a tremendous amount of computer-generated images, so much so that producer Rick McCallum commented that it could be regarded s the first animated movie in history that was as realistic as live action. Inasmuch as Star Wars Episode 1 is fundamentally a live-action movie, saying it could also be called an animated movie with all the realism of live action not only places animation on a par with live action but also implies that there are live-action movies without the realism of live action. By ignoring the difference between reality pretending to be cartoons and cartoons pretending to be reality, McCallums words eloquently attest to the fact that the gap between live action and animation is closing in the West as well. It would seem that Japan is not the only country where peoples vision of reality is undergoing a process of animation. Conclusively, the tendency of Japanese to reject their own history and traditions in favor of a Western ideal has undermined live-action film also by affecting the performances of Japanese screen actors. An obvious example is the inability of todays younger actors to portray Japanese of earlier eras with authenticity. A live-action version of Princess Mononoke, for example, would be impossible to produce even if one could overcome budget constraints and the difficulty of its special effects. There are simply no young actors in Japan today who can wear the traditional clothing, duel with swords, or shoot arrows on horseback as convincingly as the animated characters in Miyazakis film. Bibliography/Sources 1) Boden Sean (2001), Women and Anime: Popular Culture and its Reflection of Japanese Society 2) Ibid (2002), Resistance to the Japanese State through Popular Culture. 3) Kenji Sato (2002), Media in Asia. 4) Shimomura, Roger (1999), An American Diary. Exhibition catalogue, Japanese American National Museum.

The Metamorphosis :: essays papers

The Metamorphosis The introduction gets the readers attention because of its plot movement and extreme details. This particular introduction, unlike most other works contains the climax to the story. This paper will show the importance of these introductory lines. â€Å"When Gregor Samsa woke up one morning from unsettling dreams, he found himself changed into a monstrous vermin.† This line greatly moves the plot, more so than any other line. It is the climax of the novel, and everything following it helps build the conclusion of the story. The juxtaposition of â€Å"unsettling† and â€Å"dreams† is ironic, as dreams are peaceful and never unsettling, only nightmares are unsettling. Gregor has transformed into a â€Å"monstrous vermin.† The remainder of the first paragraph gives details of exactly what the monstrous vermin is. His back is as â€Å"hard as an armor plate†. This metaphor shows the rigidity of his body. Gregor’s body has â€Å"arch shaped, a vaulted brown belly, and many legs.† As a result of this, he does not even know who or what he is. â€Å"What’s happened to me?† He knew it was not a dream. Kafka blends a short sentence about the realization that it is no longer a dream into a paragraph of long sentences to show how the idea of being a dream is chimerical. His room is still a â€Å"regular human room.† In his room are lines of fabric samples, because he is a traveling salesman. Gregor had a picture hanging on his desk. It â€Å"showed a lady done up in a fur hat and a fur boa.† This picture, and the mention of him being a traveling salesman, show the extravagance of his family, while he is a common worker. The weather is overcast, a symbol of Gregor’s despair. He looks out the window, in search of answers to his unanswered questions. He could hear the raindrops and was completely depressed. His depression portrays his feeling that he has no control over the future. He even has no control over himself. â€Å"In his present state, he could not get into that position. No matter how hard he threw himself onto his right side, he always rocked onto his back again.† Kafka beautifully incorporates the climax into the introduction of his story in order to deeply involve the reader in the story.

Edgar Allen Poe Essay

Edgar Allen Poe was a poet and writer who lived a dreadful and terrible life, which helped him create remarkable and horrifying stories in the 19th century. While growing up Edgar Allen Poe lived a horrible life watching his mom, stepmom and wife die because of tuberculosis. Through all the pain given to Edgar Allen Poe through those tragic events he was able to construct stories and poems of death, love, horror, and religion. By examining Edgar Allen Poe story â€Å"The Black Cat† you will be able to understand his creation of a miserable and painful world from his usage of symbolism, imagery, and plot. In the story â€Å"The Black Cat† Edgar Allen Poe utilizes symbolism many times in the story. The black cat is the main symbol in the story because it represents that the cat is evil. First of all the cat is named Pluto, which means god of the underworld. Secondly, some people are superstitious and believe a black cat is bad luck and can give you trouble just as it did for the narrator. Edgar Allen Poe employs symbolism in order to force the reader to see his views on life, religion, love, and death. In the story â€Å"The Black Cat† Edgar Allen Poe utilizes imagery many times in the story. At one point in the story there are talking about an axe and a cellar. We can imagine that in a story like â€Å"The Black Cat,† going to the cellar is a bad idea. We can almost smell the stuffy cellar smell floating up at us. The imagery is vague and murky, until we get to the axe. We all know an axe is deadly and dangerous and can probably picture an image of him when he holding it ready to kill someone. Edgar Allen Poe makes use of imagery to improve the setting, to improve the mood, and to improve suspense. The whole story â€Å"The Black Cat† is about a guy that’s sentenced to death so he tells his story on why he is sentenced to death. The narrator is a drunken person who has a cat named Pluto who he starts to dislike and then cuts it eye out, and then hangs him on a tree. Soon when he wakes up and his house goes on fire and him, wife and his servant escape. Soon another cat comes with a missing eye and he follows the narrator around. Next, they get a new house and they go up to the cellar and he found an axe. Then, the narrator tries to kill the cat, but he accidently he kills his wife. After that, he stuffs the body and the cat in the wall. Finally, the murder is discovered and the man seems convinced that the cat exposed him on purpose by letting him be stuffed up and then making noises so the police could hear it and arrest the narrator. Edgar Allen Poe was a poet and writer who lived a dreadful and terrible life, which helped him create remarkable and horrifying stories, such as â€Å"The Black Cat† in the 19th century. Edgar Allen Poe throughout his life has created the most unique symbolism throughout â€Å"The Black Cat.† He has also created in depth and vivid imagery to help us understand what’s going on in the story. Furthermore, he has created a dramatic, intense, and a horrifying plot in the story. In conclusion, from examining Edgar Allen Poe story â€Å"The Black Cat† you were able to understand his creation of a miserable and painful world from his usage of symbolism, imagery, and plot.

KFC Case Study Essay

Introduction KFC (Kentucky Fried Chicken) is one of the most popular and widely spread fast food chain spread across various countries. KFC has established in market as a specialist in fried chicken. Headquartered in Louisville, Kentucky, US, KFC today is world’s second largest fast food chain after McDonalds with presence in several countries. As of December 2012, KFC had more than 18,000 outlets spread across 120 countries. Yum! Brands is the parent company which owns KFC along with other subsidiaries such as Pizza Hut and Taco Bell restaurants chain (Liu, 2008). Founded by Harland Sanders in Corbin, Kentucky KFC clocked close to $11 billion in revenues by end of 2011. KFC can be credited for being a pioneer in popularizing chicken in fast foot industry. As a company KFC has been termed as one of the most innovative company in terms of marketing its product among customers. Over a period of time it has given a stiff competition to other fast food chains like McDonalds, Starbucks etc. thr ough its comprehensive and effective marketing strategy. LO1.1: Changing Perspectives in Marketing Planning Concept of Product: KFC founded in 1930, has always believed in the concept of product. Its primary product –fried chicken has remained the most sought after fast food product since its inception. With time KFC added range of fast food items catering to different taste buds and eating sensibilities. This approach reflected that how it has adapted itself in the changing and challenging environment by rival companies like McDonalds etc. Product development and adapting in the changing market perspective is crucial for a fast food chain like KFC (Ghanawi, 2012). Concept of Selling: KFC has kept its focus on ensuring that consumers favour the product which offers the best in terms of taste and quality. KFC has never comprised with the quality of the product it has offered to customer. Since inception it  has maintained its trademark taste of the fried chicken which has resulted into a loyal base of customer following. KFC has never taken its popularity for granted and has always believed in getting feedback from customer through various channels, which in return has helped it further to optimize the quality and other factors associated with its fast food products. Concept of Marketing: KFC has always been aggressive in terms of marketing its product. Even though it has established itself as leading player in fast food sector, despite of this fact it has never shied away from marketing efforts towards its product. This focus on marketing helps in creating brand awareness and customer satisfaction. Concept of Societal Marketing: Societal marketing is an important concept in marketing strategy of any company. KFC has always believed in reaching to its customer through various ways like customer surveys, feedbacks etc. This helps KFC in establishing a close bonding with its customer which eventually helps in increasing the sales. Through its feedback and survey it has launched geographic specific products as well in order to cater localized taste and sensibilities. L.O. 1.2: KFC’s Capability for Planning its Future Marketing Activity For KFC, capacity planning for its marketing activity is an extremely critical part of the business as complete business relies heavily on the future forecast and trend. This capacity planning strategy is focused on determining current and future requirement of a typical fast food specific market. Capability for planning its future marketing activity has several important points which need to be understood, they are as follows: Financial Capability: KFC earned revenue of nearly $11 billion in 2012 underlines the fact that it has enough financial capabilities to compete with other fast food chains like McDonalds etc. This has also ensured that with a strong revenue model it has sufficient marketing budget allotment for maintaining its market positioning. Technological Capability: KFC has always focused on supporting its marketing activity through use of superior technologies. These technologies helped in optimizing its operation as well as marketing activities. Popular Products: Like its other competitors, KFC has always maintained a wide range of popular fast food product. Its trademark chicken burger and other chicken fast food products has helped in maintaining a niche market in non-vegetarian fast food segment. Having a popular line of products always helps a company in establishing brand connectivity with the  end customer (Witkowski, Ma & Zheng, 2003). LO 1.3: Techniques Used by KFC for Organizational Auditing & for Analysing External factors that affect marketing planning Multinational companies like KFC are aware of the fact that effect marketing planning cannot be achieved without appl ication of techniques for organizational auditing and analyses of external factors. External factors for KFC comprises of Macro environment and Micro environment. Macro environment consists of aspects such as social, cultural, legal, economic, political and technological. These aspects further include other factors such as demographics, environmental limitations and broader societal factors. On other hand micro environment includes other constraints such as market structure, suppliers, customer, trend of the market, and competition. Organizational audit helps KFC to analyse and examine resources available and supplies suggestion related to strength and weakness of the company. Organizational considerations are controlled by KFC itself hence it is important that it should avoid any sort of issues from this area. It is vital for a company like KFC to consider organizational auditing and development of the SWOT analysis (Magrath, 1986). It is important especially to take advantage of its organizational strengths, reduce any limitation, and exploit market opportunities as they appear. External environment is critical since it gives direction to behaviour and overall marketing strategy of a multinational company like KFC. L.O. 1.4: Assume that you have just been promoted to the position of marketing manager in a Fast food organization. Carry out organizational auditing and analysis of external factors that affect marketing planning in your organization. As a marketing manager it is important to understand the role and importance of organizational audit and analysis of external factors. This is critical because it leads to a direct impact on the success of the marketing strategy of KFC and its goal to maintain its niche position of fried chicken fast food specialist. Organizational audit focuses on entire business, it focuses on the business objective, goal, mission, vision and all strategies being applied in the business. SWOT analysis is one popular and effective tool for audit of such factors. Following are the result for the SWOT analysis done for KFC: Audit focusing upon organizations marketing objective and strategy helps in  determining how well those strategies is suited to the current and forecasted market environment in fast food segment across various geographies. Organizational audit of marketing strategy is concerned specifically with a goal of evaluating organization’s structural capability and its preparedness for implementation of the strategy needed for further development of the business and fast food segment in general. Organizational audit helps in covering wide spectrum of functions like quality of organizational systems for analysis, control and planning. L.O. 2.1: Assess the main barriers to marketing planning Following barriers needs to be addressed: Lack of Vision: KFC has to be cautious while implanting its marketing plan. In order to ensure an effective implementation it is important to have a comprehensive plan. However marketing plan should ensure that it covers every aspect which it can face due to changing market environment (Christian & Gereffi, 2010). Poor future vision can result into an insufficient marketing plan which can lead to failure. Less focus on Innovation: Although fast food segment has been dominated by products which have not changed over a long period of time. However with changing customer taste and preference, it is critical for KFC to focus on innovation of new fast food items which can offer something new to customer. It has to innovate and customize its product based on various geographies it works in. Leadership issues: KFC comes under a single brand known as YUM! Brand, which operates other subsidiaries brands such as Pizza hut and Taco Bell. In order to ensure a smooth functioning of the business, it is important to segregate the leadership for a better focus on the individual brands. This will help in brand specific focus and other management related activities. L.O.2.2: Examine how organizations may overcome barriers to market planning KFC being an international chain of fast food joints, it has huge pressure in terms of ensuring that its market planning is always in sync with its business objectives. In order to achieve that KFC needs to ensure that irrespective of the geography it is operating in, it should take care of certain barriers which might become a road block in an effective marketing planning. First important barrier is confusing marketing tactic with strategic tactic, often organization end up getting confused between the  two. Hence KFC should ensure that it has clear demarcation of its operational tactic and its marketing tactic. Another aspect is overcoming organizational barriers, in way of effective market planning, organizational barriers like slow decision making process, unnecessary hierarchies etc. might create problem in effective market planning. Another important barrier is failure to prioritize the objectives to be achieved from the market plan. In order to achieve the maximum out of a market plan, it will be important for KFC to prioritize its requirements or goals. For example its expectation from Asia geography might be different as compared to European continent, in such circumstances it needs to accordingly prioritize its market plan activities and set the goal on those priorities. L.O.3.1.: Marketing plan (notes for power point presentation) S ituational Analysis: KFC is famous for its non-veg range fast food products Increasing trend towards vegetarian fast food products Demand for economic and quick snack vegetarian fast food products in growing countries such as India Campaigns from PETA are another reason why people from west are also moving away from non-veg fast food items. Market Segmentation: Total market of fast food market is around $15.2 billion (2011-12), important point to note that despite presence of various kind of fast food products there is hardly any presence of veg fast food products this highlights that there his huge scope for veg fast food products which are cheap but have superiors quality. Competition: Major competition for KFC veg Snacker is from veg products such as Subway’s veg sub, McDonald’s veg burger, McDonald’s veg wrap etc. and other local player specializing in veg fast food products Consumer Analysis: Population in growing economies seek cheap but tasty and good quality fast food item. In country such as India, there is huge vegetarian population which also like fast foods such as veg snacker bu rger offered by KFC. Marketing Challenges Faced: (S) Strength Second best global brand in fast food industry Famous and popular formula of original 11 herbs and spices recipe Support of popular subsidiaries such as combination of KFC – Pizza Hut and KFC – Taco Bell Leadership position among companies offering chicken as their primary product offering (W) Weakness includes Negative publicity from health conscious groups Row over quality of chicken used as raw material Vulnerable to downfall in business due to issues like bird-flu Lack of strong marketing efforts as compared to companies like McDonalds (O) Opportunities includes Increasing demand for healthier food Focus on home delivery of the products Scope of introducing new varieties in its chicken range of products (T) Threats includes Trend towards healthy food habits Currency fluctuations Various law suits from groups supporting green and vegetarian food Marketing Strategy: Product: Veg Snacker in a country like India is fulfilling the requirement of cheap, quick and tasty fast food. Veg Snacker also has better nutritional value as compared to other competitors such as McDonald’s veg burger, and cottage cheese burger and wraps Place: KFC should focus on markets dominated by veg population, its distribution channel should be in place for procurement of raw material for its veg products. Pricing: Unlike other KFC product, veg Snacker has been priced competitively to attract customer with low budget but are looking for quality veg fast food products. Promotion: KFC should focus on this aspect that being a famous brand for non-veg fast food products it is now focusing on veg items as well. It should focus on ensuring that quality of veg fast food items is equally good. Conclusion This marketing plan for veg products has to be implemented carefully because of risk due to brand image. Marketing plan for veg products has to be isolated from overall marketing plan, since main focus of KFC has been on non-veg fast food items. Pricing and Packaging of the product is critical for overall success of the veg line of fast food items. L.O.3.3: Examine techniques for new product development KFC can opt for eight stages of a product development which involves following process: Concept Generation of New Product: SWOT analysis can be used effectively for assisting basic research towards new concept generation of a fast food product. Concept Screening: KFC based on a new concept/idea can then screen and question the relevance of the concept. It is very important for KFC to understand that relevance of the product that should be implemented as per the market situation. Working on a concept which competitors have already launched might not be a logical business strategy. There should be clarity related to the target market as well. What customer base KFC will be targeting should be clear from the concept stage itself (Starvish, 2011). Concept Development and Product Testing: KFC should also focus on the proper testing of the new product for its market suitability and target customer segment. For example a spicy chicken burger might not be successful in market dominated by less spice loving population. Thus a product should be tested internally before it is launched on a wider scale. Beta Testing and Marketing Testing: KFC can understand a significant part of customer feedback through a selected launch of the product to a specific set of customers. With a proper feedback channel, valuable inputs regarding the product can be collected which can be further used to optimize the end product before it is launched. Technical Implementation: Technical implementation phase will include activities like all the logistical attributes which will be necessary for a producing the fast food product. Thus how a raw material will be procured? What raw material will be used? Availability of the manpower for the production and several other facts should be taken care by KFC in this particular phase of the product development. Commercialization: Commercialization is the critical phase, where post development of the product there has to be specific budget and time for product promotion and creating awareness about the product. Optimization of distribution channel and monetization of the product is also crucial part of this phase. Product Pricing: For a company like KFC which has operation in developed as well as developing countries, pricing is a critical aspect of the whole business. In price sensitive markets like Asia, any wrong pricing strategy can result into product failure. L.O.3.4 Pricing policy, distribution and communication mix for: Wrigley’s chewing gum: Wrigley’s chewing gum is a classic example of how a company can create  success through a product which is not a necessity for consumers. Through its aggressive strategy in pricing, distribution and communication it has ensured that it remains on top in chewing gum category. Rather than focus on creating a premium product, Wrigley’s focused on getting its basic correct through an economical pricing of the product which ensured that people adopted and started using the product. Through its intensive market research it strengthened its distribution channel and formed a strong relationship with retailers. With its innovative and aggressive marketing and communication strategy, it has ensured that consumers do not forget about the brand. Sky TV: Being one of the pioneers in direct- to-home concept, Sky TV always ensured a balanced approach in terms of pricing. It offered both segment of customers i.e. segment which was bothered about value delivery and segment which believed in cost of product. It bundled and offered them in various packs based on their popularity and subscription cost. Sky TV initially had been aggressive in its communication strategy to reach its customer, which paid off positively. With focus on acquiring new customer base, Sky TV has always been innovating in terms of its communication approach to actively engage with its customer base. BMW 7 Series: Keeping in with tradition, BMW has maintained a premium pricing over each of its product. Main reason behind this is to maintain an exclusivity of the brand along with a healthy margin on the product sold. Thus it never comprises with its pricing strategy to boost its sales volume. BMW 7 Series has been able to penetrate the upper class of the car buyers through its wide spread distribution channel, which not only sells the car, but also provides an effective after sales service to the vehicle. Communication mix for BMW has always been focused on the premium segment of society, for whom spending money is not an issue, but they are cautious about the premium attached to the product. Bentley Car : Similar to brands like BMW, Audi etc., Bentley has ensured that it is known as super premium car making company. That is why despite of slump in its car sales it never tweaked with its pricing strategy. It has always focused on the premium and high net worth individual who are more focused on the brand and the premium attached to it. Distribution channel of Bentley is not as strong as its competitors, but it does have presence in majority of the prime cities across globe. Its communication mix and marketing has always targeted rich customers who have  always believed in owning the best of every segment. Hilton Hotel Room: Hilton has always believed in providing best of the user experience to its end customer, even if it comes with an extra cost. That is why Hilton boasts of a loyal set of customers who always prefer Hilton over other hotel. Hilton has given preference to exclusivity over the pricing factor, with added luxuries as compared to other competitors and a personal touch in its services Hilton has always been able to justify its above average pricing structure. With a wide presence across the globe, it has been able to establish a brand name through which its customer can connect easily. Holiday Cruise from London to Florida: Cruise holidays have always been a popular product among tourists. Tours and travel companies have ensured that they capitalize on this craze. However with a holiday cruise as far as from London to Florida is concerned, it depends on the partner offering. Pricing strategy should be focused more on upper segment of the society, because they are the one who can afford a cruise travel. With various luxuries added, cruise holiday can justify its pricing strategy as well. Distribution has to be maintained through extensive network of tours and travel operators. With multiple holiday packages being promoted, a holiday cruise has to be promoted aggressively in order to ensure that it can be differentiated from other holiday packages. L.O.3.5: Explain how factors affecting the effective implementation of the marketing plan have been taken into account Various factors which affects the effective implementation of the marketing plan are as follows: Information about Target Segment: For KFC the target customer has always been the teen and post teen. Their advertising campaign has primarily revolved around college going students and working professionals. However with time, and competition from rival fast food companies, they have focused on various age groups (Roller, Voorhees & Lulnkenheimer, 2006). Important aspect is that whatever fast food product has been launched, it has been done with proper knowledge of its target customer. For effective implementation of marketing plan prior research about the target customer base is extremely critical. Measurable Goals and Objectives: Marketing team at KFC has to be clear about their end goals and organizational objectives. Clarity on these two aspects is important towards effective implementation of the marketing plan. In fast food segment, acceptance of the new product launched, and objective achieved  in terms of the expected sales helps towards effective implementation of the marketing plan. Proper techniques for forecasting of the expected sales and measurable goals helps in und erstanding the success of the product launched. Proper and Effective Communication Tactics: Fast food companies have to be very thoughtful with their communication strategy. Even a slight mistake in terms of improper communication can lead to disastrous result. With various lobbies opposing junk food or fast food segment, there is always a pressure on companies like KFC to come up with relevant and targeted communication. Thus what channel is being selected for communication also matters a lot. For example if target demography is vegetarian in nature then launching and creating campaign about a chicken burger will be a big mistake. Hence optimization of communication tactic is an important stepping stone towards effective implementation of the marketing plan. L.O.4.1: Explain how ethical issues influence marketing planning Fast food segment has to face several ethical issues, which eventually shape up their marketing plan. There are many countries which are extremely particular about the quality of the product and its raw material used. For example a country or area dominated by vegetarian population will never accept a chicken or beef burger. That is why in the stores there has to be strict check on what is being served to the customer. Recently there was a viral video on social networking site which highlighted how raw material for KFC is procured which highlighted several loop-holes in the procurement process. This issue exposed the hygiene and cleanliness standards in the procurement as well. Such kind of ethical issues many times results in lawsuit etc. (Schrà ¶der & McEachern, 2005). L.O.4.2: Analyse examples of how organizations respond to ethical issues KFC has witnessed an exponential growth across globe. But with this growth rate there are several instances of backlash against the brand as well. For example a slight negligence in a vegetarian dominated population can lead to ethical issues among the population and negative publicity for the brand. In any such instance where KFC has been on the defaulter side, it has always cooperated with the respective agencies and has proactively accepted its mistake wherever necessary. As a brand KFC has never ignored its social responsibility and accepting mistakes because of its negligence. In order to address any consumer complain they have dedicated complain cell which handles consumer grievances. L.O. 4.3: Analyse  examples of consumer ethics and the effect it has on the marketing planning Consumer ethics has major impact on designing of market strategy of a company. For example KFC avoids an aggressive marketing of non-vegetarian products in vegetarian dominated population. KFC also avoids targeting kids as their target segment since fast food are considered as unhealthy and greasy in nature In order to have a strong brand connect and brand value it is important to keep all the ethical issues in perspective while developing the market planning strategy (Parasuraman, Grewal & Krishnan, 2006). References: Liu, W. K. (2008). KFC in China: secret recipe for success. John Wiley & Sons (Asia). Ghanawi, N. (2012). The Internationalization of KFC. Witkowski, T. H., Ma, Y., & Zheng, D. (2003). Cross-cultural influences on brand identity impressions: KFC in China and the United States. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 15(1/2), 74-88. Magrath, A. J. (1986). When marketing services, 4 Ps are not enough. Business Horizons, 29(3), 44-50. Christian, M., & Gereffi, G. (2010). The marketing and distribution of fast food. InPediatric Obesity (pp. 439-450). Springer New York. Sophonsiri, S., & Polyorat, K. (2009). The impact of brand personality dimensions on brand association and brand attractiveness: the case study of kfc in thailand. Journal of Global Business & Technology, 5(2). Starvish, M. (2011). KFC’s explosive growth in China. HBS Working Knowledge. Roller, S. T., Voorhees Jr, T., & Lulnkenheimer, A. K. (2006). Obesity, food marketing and consumer litigation: threat or opportunity. Food & Drug LJ, 61, 419. Schrà ¶der, M. J., & McEachern, M. G. (2005). Fast foods and ethical consumer value: a focus on McDo nald’s and KFC. British Food Journal, 107(4), 212-224. Parasuraman, A., Grewal, D., & Krishnan, R. (2006). Marketing research. Cengage Learning.

An Inspector Calls Essay Example

An Inspector Calls Essay Example An Inspector Calls Essay An Inspector Calls Essay Essay Topic: Literature An Inspector Calls is a murder mystery written in the form of a play set in 1912 and is written by J. B. Priestly. It revolves around one family of a high social status the Birlings. The play begins with the family celebrating the engagement of their daughter, Sheila, to a man called Gerald Croft. Their celebration is interrupted by a call from an Inspector, making inquiries about a young girl called Eva Smith who has just died from swallowing a large amount of disinfectant. The Inspector then begins to question each member of the family to uncover their part in Evas death. Priestly uses each character, including the Inspector, to teach the audience very important life lessons both individual and collective responsibility. An Inspector Calls has been called a modern day morality play because Priestly uses his characters to represent the many different people in the world and tries to bring them all together in a family unit to teach them a very important lesson. The lessons learnt can be applied to everyones daily life, regardless of their status/situation and the lesson is one of moral values. This lesson is learnt through the Inspector and Priestly reinforces his main message through the layout and language of the play e. g. the dramatic irony, plain irony and varied characters making sure that everyone can identify to at least one and perhaps learn a lesson from them. Priestlys main theme of the play is that we are all responsible for each other and we all have to think about our actions and what effect they will have on others. This is shown mainly through the parts that each family member play in the death of Eva Smith. Although not entirely to blame, each family member in some way contributed to her death. Even Gerald, one who is not yet in this family, was entwined in a web of immoral behaviour and deceit. Priestly uses each member of the family to represent characters in society. It is in this way that he attempts to enforce the message of responsibility because one is able to identify with at least one character or see it from their point of view. He chooses a family of high social status to bring about another important theme high social status does not necessarily equal good moral and ethical values. The Birlings represent one such family. Mr Birling is used to represent an upper class head of the family, whose main philosophy on life is that a man has to mind his own business and look after himself. The very fact that Birling believes one must look after himself is in complete contrast with the theme of the play collective responsibility. Priestly uses this contrast to teach Birling a lesson and to show the audience how wrong he is which will in turn prove the latter theory. Birling is also particularly preoccupied with social status. He is very conscious of the fact that people have an opinion of him and his family and that social status equals respect within the community. Any threat to his and his familys reputation must be quickly dealt with and covered up. This is shown clearly from his statement Ive got to cover this up as soon as I can in reference to the fact that it has emerged that his son, Eric, has stolen a considerable amount of money form his account. This is also in some way connected to another one of Priestlys themes social status does not equal good morals Eric stealing money, especially from his father. Also, when it is revealed that Mrs Birling too played a part in Evas part, a part that was cruel and malicious, Mr Birling does not seem to even acknowledge what she did was wrong in the slightest. His only words on the matter are, when this comes out at the inquest it isnt going to do us much good. The Press might easily take it up The part in which Birling played in Evas death is the fact that, after a dispute over wages (Eva and various other girls working in the factory wanted a small yet significant pay rise), Birling fired her leaving her penniless and homeless. Birling refuses to accept any responsibility in Evas death because he is not able to see how his firing her could in any way cause her death. The Inspector answers with the following, What happened to her then may have determined what happened to her afterwards, and what happened to her afterwards may have driven her to suicide. A chain of events. This statement sums up all of the familys involvement in her death they were all responsible in part and all contributed to her suicide. Upon hearing this Birling adds some more philosophy Still I cant accept responsibility. If we were all responsible for everything that happened to everybody wed had anything to do with, it would be very awkward. The last part of his philosophy, it would be very awkward wouldnt it, shows that not only can he not see how he contributed to her death (evident from the whole of his speech) but he finds it quite difficult to take responsibility for anything. He is simply not bothered in what happens to others. This shows how difficult it has become for him to accept those of lower status than himself (he thinks of Eva as just another girl who comes under the heading of cheap labour whom he is able to exploit). Even after the rest of the family is questioned and it becomes clear that his sacking of Eva did play, however small, some part in her death, he is unable to accept responsibility. The Inspector later questions Sheila and it emerges that she too played a part in Evas death. After two months of desperation, without work and unable to buy food or pay for accommodation, Eva changed her name to Daisy Renton and managed to acquire a position in a shop called Millwards. Her run of bad luck did not end here. She then got fired from this shop because Sheila got her fired. Sheila was shopping with her mother in Millwards where Daisy worked and, against the advice of her mother and the assistant, tried on a dress, which did not suit her. Sheila thought that she caught sight of the assistant and Daisy smiling at each other in the mirror as if to say doesnt she look awful. Sheila was very embarrassed by this but what made it worse was the fact that when Eva held the dress up to herself it suited her very well. Sheila also says she was very pretty too with big dark eyes which didnt make it any better. This proves that Sheila was very jealous of Daisy, and in her rage she went to tell the manager that if they didnt get rid of the girl, Id never go near the place again and Id persuade mother to close the account with them. Daisy therefore lost her job on account of Sheilas jealousy and anger. This is an example used by Priestly to demonstrate another theme. He is beginning to show that people who are of higher social status, e. g. the Birlings, are far more influential than those of a lower social class but this is not necessarily a good thing. Sheila used her high status to get Eva fired but Eva did not deserve it. The Inspector comments on this with the statement, You used the power you had, as the daughter of as good customer and a man well known in the town, to punish this girl just because she made you feel like that. Sheila later concedes and feels extremely guilty about the fact that she did indeed contribute to Evas death. Erics character is used by Priestly to show that people of a high social status do not necessarily have the correct morals. Erics part in Evas death is in some ways more prominent than either Sheilas or Mr Birlings. After being fired from Millwards, Eva, with no other choice, seemingly acquired the position as a prostitute. When it is mentioned later, in the presence of Mrs Birling, that Alderman Heggarty, someone who is thought of as being of high social class was seen at the Palace Bar, Mrs Birling is very shocked perhaps suggesting that it is not a very respectable place so why would a seemingly respectable man be seen there? Eric refers to Eva as not being the usual sort with reference to the people that went to the Palace Bar. He says that he supposes she didnt know what else to do, implying already that Eva was in such a desperate situation possibly caused by Mr Birling, Sheila and Gerald. Eric is considerably drunk at the bar (something which were learn from Sheila is not uncommon) and later that evening, after buying her several drinks, sleeps with Eva. He returns to the Palace Bar on another occasion and again sleeps with Eva. He refers to her as a good sport but not someone whom he truly cared for. He treated Eva as an object. Eva later found out that she was pregnant and told Eric about it. Eric proposed marriage but Eva refused on the grounds that she knew that Eric did not really care for here. Eva had no job and did not know what she was going to do. Eric insisted on giving her money, which he stole from his father, and eventually Eva refused to take anymore after she found out it was stolen. They never saw each other again. Eric is used also as a contrast with Eva. Priestly depicts two people, both from different backgrounds and of very different social status, and both with very different morals. One expects the person from a high social status to have very good morals and to be an upstanding citizen. It is in fact the opposite in this situation. Eric gets drunk a lot and frequents places, which are deemed inappropriate to those of high social status (see Mrs Birlings comment above). He presumably sleeps with many women whom he does not care about and, although his intentions were good, steals from his father. Eva on the other hand, someone of a low social status, is the one who has the better morals. As soon as she finds out that Eric stole the money she refuses to take anymore. Unlike many girls in her situation she tries to make the best of her lot, she tries to get help. This proves that you cant trust what is on the surface and it proves Priestlys idea that status does not equal morals. Eva seeks help from the Brumley Womens Charity Organisation, a charity set up to help the unemployed, homeless or ill. Money was given to deserving causes. Mrs Birling is the chair of the charity. Charities such as the BWCO had to be set up because at that time in Britain (1912) people had no Welfare State to rely on as they do today. Theses charities were the only help available. Mrs Birling was approached by Eva who asked her for help because she was homeless, penniless and pregnant. Mrs Birling refused. She was annoyed at Evas refusal to tell the name of the father (who happened to be Mrs Birlings son, Eric) and at her gross impertinence which was quite deliberate. Eva called herself Mrs Birling. Mrs Birling admits that it was her influence that got Evas case refused. Mrs Birling simply did not like her impertinence or manner. She says that she is not ashamed of her behaviour and does not feel that she has done anything wrong. This is surely not true as she hid the fact that she knew Eva and only admitting knowing her after much pressure from Sheila. Mrs Birling is used to again show that people of a high social status do not necessarily have the correct morals, and like, Sheila, used her influence to get Evas case refused. Although they both contributed to Evas death in similar ways, Sheila is quick to admit she is wrong and feels extremely guilty whereas Mrs Birling feels absolutely no compassion or remorse. She states, she was claiming elaborate fine feelings and scruples that were simply absurd in a girl in her positions and I dont suppose for a moment that we can understand why the girl committed suicide. Girl of that class Both the endings of these two statements show that Mrs Birling has absolutely no compassion and is simply not bothered with those of a lower class. When asked by the Inspector who she blamed, she says not only the girl but also the father. Mrs Birling is very naive and acts quite idiotically as she implicates Eric. Sheila and the Inspector both realise this, clear from where Sheila begs her mother to stop. Mrs Birling does not realise that by the way she is talking she is getting her son into more and more trouble. This is one of various occasions where Priestly uses dramatic irony. We, the audience, realise the full impact of Mrs Birlings speech and how she is unknowingly convicting her own son. Dramatic Impact is used at the end of Mrs Birlings speech, at the end of Act Two, which ends with Eric entering the house and both the Inspector and Sheila, as well as Mrs Birling, looking apprehensively towards the door as Sheila begs her mother to keep quiet. Later on, after the departure of the inspector, Mrs Birling claims that she was not fooled by the inspector and did not succumb to his ability to draw out information, which is a blatant lie. The Birlings son, Eric, is used by Priestly to show two main themes of An Inspector Calls. Eric shows, through sleeping with Eva because she was a good sport and through stealing money, that people of a high social class do not necessarily have the better morals. We can also see from the different morals of Eva and Eric she not accepting stolen money that a lower social class does not equal worse morals and visa versa (according to Mrs Birling and public opinion Eva have worse morals) and Eva has in fact got better morals than Eric! It also shows how dysfunctional the Birling family actually is: a family with such a high social status and an abundance of wealth does not equal good family life. Mr and Mrs Birling were totally oblivious to Erics drinking problem as well as his social exploits. Eric could not even go to his father for help in his time of trouble. When Mr Birling asks him why he did not come to him for help he replies, Because youre not the kind of father a chap could go to when hes in trouble thats why. He also says to his mother, You dont understand anything. You never did. You never even tried. Priestly uses dramatic tension in this part of the play to show just how separate the family is. We even see Mrs Birling displaying some signs of distress, something quite unusual for her. Eric, nearly at breaking point, accuses Mrs Birling of killing Eva and killing her own grandchild. Mrs Birling cannot bear to hear this and tells Eric, in her desperation, that she did not know, she didnt understand. This is perhaps why towards the end of the play we can see a clear divide between the children and the parents. Mr and Mrs Birling have a problem facing up to their responsibility and cannot bear to hear they were wrong. This can be seen from the way in which Mr and Mrs Birling try to silence Eric and especially Sheila when they talk about assigning blame and guilt. Eric is used in conjunction with Sheila to show a further theme of the play how opinions of the young and old can also be incorrect. After the inspector leaves, the audience is left to see who will actually take heed of his warnings and listen to his very important message. It is, in fact, Eric and Sheila, not Mr and Mrs Birling who learn a lesson. They are shocked at their parents blatant disregard of the blame for Evas death. Immediately after the departure of the Inspector, Eric has an argument with his parents. Mr Birling is furious with Eric because he has caused a public scandal and therefore most probably ruined his chances of a knighthood. He is not annoyed with Eric over his treatment of Eva; after all that has gone on his social status is still his main priority. Eric replies by saying that the knighthood is not important and that he too is ashamed of his parents. Mr Birling says that there is every excuse for what both your mother and I did. Sheila cannot believe this response. She intervenes and says that she knows she behaved badly and she is ashamed of it but now her parents are acting as if nothing has happened. This shows Sheilas maturity and her willingness to learn from what occurred. It is quite clear that neither Mr nor Mrs Birling has taken a lesson from what has gone on. In fact Mr Birling says nothing muc h has happened. How can he not realise that he was to blame in some way for Evas death and see that it is his jaded outlook on life that has caused it? This not only shows the moral difference between the children and the parents but a distinct difference between young and old. It would normally have been thought that the older generation would learn more and not the children but this shows it is the opposite and that perhaps hope for the future rests on the younger generation. The Inspector is one of the most important characters in the play, with regards to conveying the message of both individual and collective responsibility. His role is to examine what really goes on behind the apparent respectability of the middle/high class prosperity; behind the fai de they are uncaring and corrupt. The Inspector can be seen as either a figment of the familys imagination, perhaps a culmination of all of their fears combined (social disgrace, the assignation of blame), hence the name Goole a play on the word ghoul, meaning ghost or phantom. He is there to test their conscience, or as someone, who although is not a real inspector, is there to show them that they are acting in an irresponsible and immoral way. Either way, the inspector is able to cunningly entice all of the information from the other characters, which is necessary to implicate them in the death of Eva Smith. From the moment the Inspector entered the Birling house the atmosphere changed he creates an impression of massiveness, solidity and purposefulness he speaks carefully, weightily, and has a disconcerting habit of looking hard at the person he addressed before actually speaking. The Inspector is used by Priestly to represent the voice of conscience in us all. He strikes the Birlings individually and is also connected with the mystery of time recurrence Time present and time past are both perhaps present in time future and time future contained in past. This quote by T. S Eliot is prominent in the play itself and is demonstrated by the Inspector who shows that all of our actions whether in the past or in present time in some way help to shape our future or in fact our present. The actions of all of the Birling family, actions which took place in the past time, have now contributed to their future the Inspector coming, the possible realisation that they have done something wrong, the social implications. The Inspector has as much of an impact on the audience as he does on the Birlings themselves. This is especially with regards to his final speech before he leaves the Birlings. He has just shown each character that they were in some way to blame for the death of Eva Smith and now, before leaving, makes a final speech, which incorporates all of the lessons they should have learnt. In his speech the Inspector mentions each of the characters in turn, redefining their role in the death. He seems to be less harsh towards Sheila perhaps because of her evident shame and despair at what she has done. The last part of the Inspectors final speech is formidable and forbidding. A lot of repetition is used to reinforce the message that we are all responsible for each other regardless of social class/status. He says quite clearly that although one Eva Smith has gone there are millions of Eva Smiths and John Smiths left with us, with their lives, their hopes and fears, their suffering and chance of happiness, all intertwined with our lives, and what we think and say and do. We dont live alone. We are members of one body. We are responsible for each other. And I tell you that the time will soon come when, if men will not learn that lesson, they will be taught it in fire and blood and anguish. This last sentence is in reference to First World War, which Priestly experienced. The Inspectors message is a symbol of the general need for society to avoid being too satisfied and unaware of other peoples hardships and to act against future disaster e. g. WW1, brought on by arrogance, greed and indifference towards others. After this dramatic speech, perhaps the most dramatic in the play, the Inspector leaves the Birling house. The audience are left with a sense of fear and realisation at what the Inspector has just said and also with suspense to see whether the characters have learnt their lesson. It is clear immediately after the Inspector leaves that Mr and Mrs Birling have missed the whole point of the Inspectors visit. They are still preoccupied with social status: Mr Birling comments to Eric that theyll be a public scandal. Sheila is quick to assign blame to herself showing that she has taken on board what the Inspector has said. Eric launches into an attack on both his parents saying that they are as much to blame as anyone, and he too is ashamed of his own behaviour. Soon there is heated tension this heated tension within the household that shows both a clear divide between parents and children, perhaps the difference between young and old and the ability to accept change and that they have done something wrong. It also shows that with all of the revelations everything has changed relationships have been turned upside down and the children feel that it is not necessary to show such a great respect for their parents anymore. Instead of focusing on the tragedy, they blame each other. Although the children do accept what they have done wrong, the tendency to assign blame shows that they have not fully understood what needs to be changed. This is especially prominent with Eric.

Less is More When it Comes to Unique

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